golang HS,RS,ES,ED签名与验证-Go服务器开发

在Golang中，我们可以使用第三方库来进行HS、RS、ES和ED签名与验证。

HS（HMAC-SHA）签名与验证

对于HS签名算法，我们可以使用crypto/hmac包生成签名，并使用常规的字符串比较来验证签名。下面是示例代码：

package main
import (
    "crypto/hmac"
    "crypto/sha256"
    "encoding/base64"
    "fmt"
)
func generateHMAC(key []byte, data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
    h := hmac.New(sha256.New, key)
    _, err := h.Write(data)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    
    return h.Sum(nil), nil
}
func verifyHMAC(key []byte, data []byte, signature []byte) bool {
    generatedSig, _ := generateHMAC(key, data)
    
    return hmac.Equal(signature, generatedSig)
}
func main() {
	key := []byte("mykey")
	data := []byte("hello world")
	
	// 签名数据
	signature, err := generateHMAC(key, data)
	if err != nil {
	    panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(signature))
	
	// 验证签名
	isValid := verifyHMAC(key, data, signature)
	fmt.Println(isValid)
}

在上面的代码中，我们使用了crypto/hmac包生成了一个sha256哈希值的HMAC-SHA签名，并将其编码为base64字符串输出。然后我们又定义了一个函数用于验证该签名是否有效。

RS（RSA）签名与验证

对于RS签名算法，我们可以使用crypto/rsa包生成签名，并使用x509标准库验证签名。下面是示例代码：

package main
import (
    "crypto/rand"
	"crypto/rsa"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"crypto/x509"
	"encoding/base64"
	"encoding/pem"
	"fmt"
)
func generateRSASignature(privateKey *rsa.PrivateKey, data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
	hashed := sha256.Sum256(data)
	return rsa.SignPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, privateKey, crypto.SHA256, hashed[:])
}
func verifyRSASignature(publicKey *rsa.PublicKey, data []byte, signature []byte) bool {
	hashed := sha256.Sum256(data)
	err := rsa.VerifyPKCS1v15(publicKey, crypto.SHA256, hashed[:], signature)
	
	return err == nil
}
func main() {
	privatePEM := `
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
`
	
	publicPEM := `
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAvhyMBkTq8V2LgDlH0iS+
F5+5IzJmWivNQ6atRyU7vgBnpLsXf1SoC4sz7hDhZ4Pey3BQaOfevQwHcNNmFj6X
pYVnU6qNTBV85Cv5GK0d0mXliYb9dPGDEc+yTD3XC78FJ/kwcrpSKqIFrMdTsl9e
KtMUkizPnzS/WuErxagZqXh7IY049SPNz92sfDmQDD+pqWcaAE09fRsLiZdR8WXJ
l+CZRXY8xTfZcCJGkhYX2tq5C3hW4jB/75i50aeKw5L8sQa9YBbno8XnSlxjOkD0
Oo1mH+PRezFyUd7v6gKFZElBWwM+I3/xKbUVkFGRW+f2u34VqRkiNlTNUeVQTWHg
qwIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
`
	
	privateBlock, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(privatePEM))
	if privateBlock == nil {
	    panic("failed to decode private key")
	}
	
	privateKey, err := x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(privateBlock.Bytes)
	if err != nil {
	    panic(err)
	}
	
	publicBlock, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(publicPEM))
	if publicBlock == nil {
	    panic("failed to decode public key")
	}
	
	publicKeyInterface, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(publicBlock.Bytes)
	if err != nil {
	    panic(err)
	}
	
	publicKey, ok := publicKeyInterface.(*rsa.PublicKey)
	if !ok {
	    panic("public key is not of type *rsa.PublicKey")
	}
	data := []byte("hello world")
	// 签名数据
	signature, err := generateRSASignature(privateKey, data)
	if err != nil {
	    panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(signature))
	// 验证签名
	isValid := verifyRSASignature(publicKey, data, signature)
	fmt.Println(isValid)

在上面的代码中，我们使用了crypto/rsa包生成了一个SHA256哈希值的RSA签名，并将其编码为base64字符串输出。然后我们又定义了一个函数用于验证该签名是否有效。

ES（ECDSA）签名与验证

对于ES签名算法，我们可以使用crypto/ecdsa包生成签名，并使用x509标准库验证签名。下面是示例代码：

”` package main

import (

"crypto/ecdsa"
"crypto/elliptic"
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/sha256"
"encoding/base64"
"encoding/pem"
"fmt"

)

func generateECDSASignature(privateKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey, data []byte) ([]byte, error) {

hashed := sha256.Sum256(data)
return ecdsa.SignASN1(rand.Reader, privateKey, hashed[:])

}

func verifyECDSASignature(publicKey *ecdsa.PublicKey, data []byte, signature []byte) bool {

hashed := sha256.Sum256(data)
return ecdsa.VerifyASN1(publicKey, hashed[:], signature)

}

func main() {

privatePEM := `

—–BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY—– MHcCAQEEIPKQEZgH4u/rT6lQy7VxxTm2UyA+9Zwmp3M+bIq0V8BSoAoGCCqGSM49 AwEHoUQDQgAE5XbNzP5Otnp4oPGt/lJwCvLjpsnWd9FgrqiLkex7aRaeizHHT+9W EBmt4fOPZiAtzS6nI4eFYNOlgoYkkUG/hw== —–END EC PRIVATE KEY—– `

publicPEM := `

—–BEGIN PUBLIC KEY—– MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAE5XbNzP5Otnp4oPGt/lJwCvLjpsnW d9FgrqiLkex7aRaeizHHT+9WEBmt4fOPZiAtzS6nI4eFYNOlgoYkkUG/hw== —–END PUBLIC KEY—– `

privateBlock, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(privatePEM))
if privateBlock == nil {
	panic("failed to decode private key")
}
privateKey, err := x509.ParseECPrivateKey(privateBlock.Bytes)
if err != nil {
	panic(err)
}
publicBlock, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(publicPEM))
if publicBlock == nil {
	panic("failed to decode public key")
}
publicKeyInterface, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(publicBlock.Bytes)
if err != nil {
	panic(err)
}
publicKey, ok