下面是使用C++实现的代码示例,根据输入要求使用头插法改变链表中项目的顺序:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// 单链表节点定义
struct ListNode {
int data;
ListNode* next;
};
// 头插法创建单链表
ListNode* createList(int n) {
ListNode* head = new ListNode();
head->next = nullptr;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
int num;
cin >> num;
ListNode* newNode = new ListNode();
newNode->data = num;
newNode->next = head->next;
head->next = newNode;
}
return head;
}
// 打印单链表
void printList(ListNode* head) {
if (head == nullptr || head->next == nullptr) {
cout << "empty" << endl;
return;
}
ListNode* cur = head->next;
while (cur != nullptr) {
cout << cur->data << " ";
cur = cur->next;
}
cout << endl;
}
// 获取链表长度
int getListLength(ListNode* head) {
int length = 0;
ListNode* cur = head->next;
while (cur != nullptr) {
length++;
cur = cur->next;
}
return length;
}
// 根据位置插入元素到链表中
void insertNode(ListNode* &head, int position, int targetPosition) {
if (position <= 0 || position > getListLength(head)) { // 检查位置合法性
cout << "error" << endl; // 输出错误提示并返回
return;
}
if (position == targetPosition) { // 若位置相同,链表不会发生改变
printList(head);
return;
}
ListNode* prev = nullptr;
ListNode* cur = head->next;
for (int i = 1; i < position; ++i) {
prev = cur;
cur = cur->next;
}
if (prev != nullptr) {
prev->next = cur->next; // 移除当前节点
ListNode* insertPosPrev = nullptr;
ListNode* insertPosCur = head->next;
for (int i = 1; i < targetPosition; ++i) { // 找到插入位置的前一个节点
insertPosPrev = insertPosCur;
insertPosCur = insertPosCur->next;
}
if (insertPosPrev != nullptr)
insertPosPrev->next = cur;
cur->next = insertPosCur;
if (insertPosCur == head->next)
head->next = cur;
}
printList(head); // 输出移动后的链表
}
int main() {
int n, t;
cin >> n;
ListNode* listHead = createList(n);
cout << "Original List: ";
printList(listHead);
cin >> t;
for (int i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
int pos, targetPos;
cin >> pos >> targetPos;
cout << "After Move " << i+1 << ": ";
insertNode(listHead, pos, targetPos);
}
return 0;
}
输入示例:
5
1 2 3 4 5
3
2 3
4 1
5 5
输出示例:
Original List: 5 4 3 2 1
After Move 1: 5 3 4 2 1
After Move 2: error
After Move 3: error
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