实现一个高并发的 WebSocket 聊天服务可以使用 Go 的 go-zero
框架。下面是一个简单的步骤和代码示例,展示如何实现一个 WebSocket 聊天服务,而不使用 Kafka 或 API 文件。
步骤
安装 go-zero: 确保你已经安装了 Go 和 go-zero。在终端中运行:
go get -u github.com/zeromicro/go-zero
创建项目结构: 创建一个新的项目目录,并在其中创建必要的文件结构。
websocket-chat/
├── main.go
└── chat.go
- 编写 WebSocket 逻辑:
在 chat.go
中,我们会处理 WebSocket 连接和消息传递。
// chat.go
package main
import (
"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
"net/http"
"sync"
)
var upgrader = websocket.Upgrader{
CheckOrigin: func(r *http.Request) bool {
return true // Allow all origins for simplicity, in production use appropriate checks.
},
}
type Client struct {
conn *websocket.Conn
send chan []byte
}
type Hub struct {
clients map[*Client]bool
lock sync.Mutex
}
func NewHub() *Hub {
return &Hub{
clients: make(map[*Client]bool),
}
}
func (h *Hub) Register(client *Client) {
h.lock.Lock()
defer h.lock.Unlock()
h.clients[client] = true
}
func (h *Hub) Unregister(client *Client) {
h.lock.Lock()
defer h.lock.Unlock()
delete(h.clients, client)
close(client.send)
}
func (h *Hub) Broadcast(message []byte) {
h.lock.Lock()
defer h.lock.Unlock()
for client := range h.clients {
select {
case client.send <- message:
default:
close(client.send)
delete(h.clients, client)
}
}
}
func handleConnection(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, hub *Hub) {
conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
if err != nil {
return // Handle error appropriately in production code.
}
client := &Client{conn: conn, send: make(chan []byte)}
hub.Register(client)
go handleMessages(client, hub)
for {
var msg []byte
err := conn.ReadMessage(&msg)
if err != nil {
break // Handle the error appropriately in production code.
}
hub.Broadcast(msg) // Broadcast incoming message to all clients.
}
hub.Unregister(client)
}
// Handle messages sent from a client and write them to the WebSocket connection.
func handleMessages(c *Client, hub *Hub) {
for msg := range c.send {
if err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, msg); err != nil {
return // Handle the error appropriately in production code.
}
}
}
// Main function to set up routes and start server.
func main() {
hub := NewHub()
http.HandleFunc("/ws", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
handleConnection(w, r, hub)
})
err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
if err != nil {
panic("Error starting server")
}
}
- 运行服务器:
在命令行中进入你的项目目录,然后运行:
go run main.go chat.go
- 测试聊天功能:
可以使用浏览器中的 JavaScript 客户端或其他 WebSocket 客户端来测试聊天功能。例如,可以用以下 JavaScript 示例进行测试:
const ws = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080/ws');
ws.onopen = () => {
console.log("Connected");
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
console.log("Received:", event.data);
};
// Send a message every second for testing purposes.
setInterval(() => {
ws.send("Hello World");
}, 1000);
总结
上述代码实现了一个基本的 WebSocket 聊天服务。每当客户端发送消息时,服务将其广播到所有连接的客户端。这只是个基础实现,实际应用中你可能还需要考虑身份验证、错误处理等安全性和性能方面的问题。
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