Golang 操作Windows注册表教程-Go服务器开发

Golang可以通过调用Windows API函数访问注册表。以下是一个简单的示例，演示如何读取和写入Windows注册表。

首先，我们需要导入Windows API函数。在Windows上使用Golang需要安装mingw-w64交叉编译工具链，并且设置GOOS和GOARCH环境变量，例如：

set GOOS=windows
set GOARCH=amd64

然后，我们可以使用syscall包来调用Windows API函数。以下是一个示例程序，它从注册表中读取计算机名称，并将其写入到“HKEY_CURRENT_USER”键下的新项中：

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "syscall"
    "unsafe"
)

const (
    HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE = 0x80000002
    KEY_READ           = 0x20019
    KEY_WRITE          = 0x20006
)

var (
    advapi32         = syscall.NewLazyDLL("advapi32.dll")
    regOpenKeyEx     = advapi32.NewProc("RegOpenKeyExW")
    regQueryValueEx  = advapi32.NewProc("RegQueryValueExW")
    regSetValueEx    = advapi32.NewProc("RegSetValueExW")
    regCloseKey      = advapi32.NewProc("RegCloseKey")
    kernel32         = syscall.NewLazyDLL("kernel32.dll")
    getComputerName  = kernel32.NewProc("GetComputerNameW")
)

func checkError(err error) {
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
}

func readRegistry() string {
    var hkey syscall.Handle
    var data [256]uint16
    var dataSize = uint32(len(data))

    ret, _, _ := regOpenKeyEx.Call(
        HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr(`SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\ComputerName\ActiveComputerName`))),
        0,
        KEY_READ,
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&hkey)),
    )
    checkError(nil)

    defer func() {
        ret, _, _ = regCloseKey.Call(uintptr(hkey))
        checkError(nil)
    }()

    ret, _, _ = regQueryValueEx.Call(
        uintptr(hkey),
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr("ComputerName"))),
        nil,
        nil,
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&data[0])),
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&dataSize)),
    )
    checkError(nil)

    return syscall.UTF16ToString(data[:])
}

func writeRegistry(value string) {
    var hkey syscall.Handle
    var data = syscall.StringToUTF16(value)

    ret, _, _ := regOpenKeyEx.Call(
        syscall.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr(`Software\MyApp`))),
        0,
        KEY_WRITE,
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&hkey)),
    )
    checkError(nil)

    defer func() {
        ret, _, _ = regCloseKey.Call(uintptr(hkey))
        checkError(nil)
    }()

    ret, _, _ = regSetValueEx.Call(
        uintptr(hkey),
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr("ComputerName"))),
        0,
        syscall.REG_SZ,
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&data[0])),
        uint32(len(data)*2),
    )
    checkError(nil)
}

func getHostname() string {
    var nsize = uint32(256)
    var buffer = make([]uint16, nsize)

    ret, _, _ := getComputerName.Call(
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&buffer[0])),
        uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&nsize)),
    )
    checkError(nil)

    return syscall.UTF16ToString(buffer[:nsize])
}

func main() {
    // read the hostname from registry
    hostname := readRegistry()
    fmt.Println("Hostname:", hostname)

    // write the hostname to registry
    writeRegistry(getHostname())
}

在这个示例中，我们使用了四个Windows API函数：