下面是使用ROS1和C++编程实现turtlesim中小海龟按随机顺序行走的示例代码,完成直行、左转、右转和画半圆的指令,并最后返回原轨迹。
#include <ros/ros.h>
#include <geometry_msgs/Twist.h>
#include <turtlesim/Spawn.h>
#define PI 3.14159265359
// 全局变量
ros::Publisher velocity_publisher;
// 发布速度消息函数
void move(double speed, double distance, bool isForward)
{
geometry_msgs::Twist vel_msg;
// 确定方向
if (isForward)
vel_msg.linear.x = abs(speed);
else
vel_msg.linear.x = -abs(speed);
vel_msg.linear.y = 0;
vel_msg.linear.z = 0;
vel_msg.angular.x = 0;
vel_msg.angular.y = 0;
vel_msg.angular.z = 0;
double t0 = ros::Time::now().toSec();
double current_distance = 0;
ros::Rate loop_rate(10);
// 循环发布速度消息,直到达到目标距离
do {
velocity_publisher.publish(vel_msg);
double t1 = ros::Time::now().toSec();
current_distance = speed * (t1 - t0);
ros::spinOnce();
loop_rate.sleep();
} while (current_distance < distance);
// 停止小海龟移动
vel_msg.linear.x = 0;
velocity_publisher.publish(vel_msg);
}
// 左转弧度函数
void rotate(double angular_speed, double relative_angle, bool clockwise)
{
geometry_msgs::Twist vel_msg;
// 确定方向
if (clockwise)
vel_msg.angular.z = -abs(angular_speed);
else
vel_msg.angular.z = abs(angular_speed);
vel_msg.linear.x = 0;
vel_msg.linear.y = 0;
vel_msg.linear.z = 0;
vel_msg.angular.x = 0;
vel_msg.angular.y = 0;
double current_angle = 0.0;
double t0 = ros::Time::now().toSec();
ros::Rate loop_rate(10);
// 循环发布速度消息,直到达到目标角度
do {
velocity_publisher.publish(vel_msg);
double t1 = ros::Time::now().toSec();
current_angle = angular_speed * (t1 - t0);
ros::spinOnce();
loop_rate.sleep();
} while (current_angle < relative_angle);
// 停止小海龟旋转
vel_msg.angular.z = 0;
velocity_publisher.publish(vel_msg);
}
// 主函数
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
// 初始化ROS节点
ros::init(argc, argv, "turtle_movement");
ros::NodeHandle n;
// 创建Publisher发布速度消息到小海龟的话题上
velocity_publisher = n.advertise<geometry_msgs::Twist>("/turtle1/cmd_vel", 100);
// 设置随机种子
srand(time(0));
// 在初始位置生成小海龟
ros::service::waitForService("spawn");
ros::ServiceClient spawnClient =
n.serviceClient<turtlesim::Spawn>("spawn");
turtlesim::Spawn srv;
srv.request.x = 5.54;
srv.request.y = 5.54;
srv.request.theta = 0;
spawnClient.call(srv);
// 执行四个指令
move(2.0, 0.3, true); // 直行 0.3m
rotate(1.0, PI/2, false); // 左转 PI/2 弧度
move(2.0, 0.3, true); // 直行 0.3m
rotate(1.0, -PI/2, true); // 右转 PI/2 弧度
// 绘制半圆
double radius = 0.1; // 半径为 0.1m,直径为 0.2m
double angle = 180 * (PI / 180); // 转换角度为弧度
int num_points = static_cast<int>(radius * abs(angle));
double angular_speed = abs(2 * PI / num_points);
for(int i=0; i<num_points; ++i)
{
move(2 * radius * angular_speed, angular_speed, true);
rotate(angular_speed, angular_speed, false);
}
// 返回原轨迹
move(2.0, 1.36, false);
return 0;
}
以上是一个使用ROS和C++编程实现turtlesim中小海龟按照指定顺序行走的示例代码。请确保已正确安装ROS和相应的依赖库,并将代码保存到适当的文件中进行编译和运行。
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